4 tips on how to study articles effectively (mini-project update #1)

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The first step of my mini-project “How to study (Swedish) articles effectively” included doing some research on methods that facilitate the memorization of the articles. In this post I’ll present you four of them.

Logo-project-articles-swedish Kopie

Note: The choice I made is quite selective. In this post I only include methods that I consider as relevant for many learners and can be easily applied to their learning process. But there are also various other methods or tips that might be helpful for some of you.

1.) Studying rules of grammar

If you study a rule and are able to apply it when necessary, you have to memorize less. However, if in a language were 100%-rules about the distribution of articles, we would not have to bother about them.

But even in languages that seem to distribute their articles randomly, you can find some rules that make life easier when having to learn the articles.

An example from German:

Possibility 1: You try to remember that German words ending in –chen are neutral words. Workload: to remember 1 piece of information

Possibility 2: You always try to remember the article separately for each word. Workload: 3+ pieces of information

  • Mädchen = das Mädchen
  • Männchen = das Männchen
  • Häuschen = das Häuschen
  • ….

If I remember one general rule, overall I have to memorize less!

Nevertheless, you have to consider which rules are useful for you. There are many rules but sometimes even more exceptions. That’s not very helpful then.

Where to find these general rules?

I would consult good and detailed grammar books that are written especially for non-native speakers. I recommend Deutsche Grammatik by Helbig/Buscha (written in German).

For this project I picked Praktische Grammatik der schwedischen Sprache by Brigitta Ramge from the library.

How to implement this in the project?

I’m going to summarize the most important rules about articles in Swedish and try to memorize them.

2.) Working with colours

That is my favourite tip, because I’m already applying it to other languages. Whenever I write a new word onto my vocabulary list or into Anki, I mark it in different colours, depending on its grammatical gender.

I’m a visual learner and I am convinced that I connect the colour with the word in my memory unconsciously. Of course, you always need the same colour system in order to create this effect.

Usually, I use blue for masculine, red for feminine, green for neutral and purple for plural forms. I yet have to think about which colour I’m going to use for the Swedish Utra words. Up to now, I’ve haven’t marked Swedish words in any colour.

20140408_101729If you want to work with a colour system, you don’t necessarily need to write that word in colours. You could, for example, also put a dot in front / at the end / below / above the word. Some time ago, I had a student who bought paper in different colours and wrote, for example, all the feminine words on the red sheet of paper. I guess that would also work with sticky notes.

How to implement this in the project?

Adapting my colour system to Utra-words and colour all my vocabulary accordingly.

3.) Studying word + article

This may sound quite simple, but I haven’t done that up to now. It’s about memorizing the article and the word as one unit. That should make it easier to associate the word with the correct article.

Example: If you learn German and want to study the word Mädchen, you have to two possibilities of saving the word pair in your brain.

1. girl – Mädchen

2. girl – das Mädchen

How to implement this in the project?

I don’t want to add the article to my Anki cards because I don’t do that for any other language and I want to stay consistent in the card design. But when studying vocabulary, I usually repeat the words, either by saying them aloud or by writing them on a sheet of paper. So from now on I want to add the article to a word whenever I repeat Swedish words. I will always know which article to use, because I’ll mark the words in the respective colours.

4.) Marking the words with a special sign

I saw that some fellow students who study Germen use small signs to mark the article of a word.

Examples:

  • r (=der) / s (=das) / e (die)
  • ♀ ♂ (but I don’t know how they mark neutral words then)

When using such signs, it’s important that they are easy and fast to draw. And of course, you’ll always need to use the same signs; otherwise you won’t achieve the desired effect.

20140408_101835I also found that some people add a special sign in their mind only and don’t write it down. I think that this is not the right method for me, but it might be helpful for some of you.

How to implement this in the project?

I haven’t used any signs yet, and I’m not sure if I want to start doing so. Maybe I could try to work with letters that indicate the grammatical gender but as I write down or say the article aloudwhen repeating the word anyway, I don’t think it will be necessary to work with signs. We’ll see.

What’s next?

Within the next two weeks I want to implement points 1-3 and apply these methods to the vocabulary I’ve already collected. Then I will give you an update on the progress.

The stage is yours!

What do you think about these methods? Do you use any of them?

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